| Japanese |
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| Title | 心ポジトロン核医学の基礎とガンマカメラへの応用 |
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| Subtitle | 総説 |
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| Authors | 大嶽達* |
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| Organization | *東京大学医学部放射線科 |
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| Journal | 核医学 |
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| Volume | 35 |
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| Number | 4 |
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| Page | 179-187 |
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| Year/Month | 1998/4 |
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| Article | 報告 |
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| Publisher | 日本核医学会 |
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| Abstract | 「要旨」心筋血流の測定には, 13N-NH3, 15O-H2O, 82Rbなどが用いられている. それぞれ一長一短ある. 心筋血流については血流予備能の定量で高脂血症, 糖尿病などで冠動脈有意狭窄がなくてもびまん性の軽い動脈硬化でジピリダモール負荷時の血流予備能の低下が観察され, そのような動脈硬化の早期発見に有用である可能性が示された. 心筋代謝としては, 糖代謝は18F-FDGを用いて測定され, 心筋 viability の診断に有用と考えられている. われわれはむしろ糖代謝はインスリンクランプ時に糖尿病患者のインスリン抵抗性を測定するのに用いている. PETによる脂肪酸代謝は定量や18F-FTHAなど新しい薬剤が研究されている. 酸素代謝は心筋 viability の診断, 心仕事量や心筋エネルギー代謝との関連, などに用いられている. レセプターについては, 画像化, 定量化は成功しているが, 臨床的有用性は必ずしも確立されていない. 交感神経末端の画像化はむしろSPECTのほうが臨床経験が多いと思える. 近年, ポジトロン核種をガンマカメラで撮像する試みが盛んに行われている. その一つは511keV用コリメータを用いることである. 心ではFDGを用いてPETと同様の心筋 viability 診断が可能と報告されている. |
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| Practice | 臨床医学：一般 |
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| Keywords | Positron emission computed tomography, Myocardium, Blood flow, Coronary flow reserve, Single photon emission computed tomography |
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| English |
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| Title | The Review of Myocardial Positron Emission Computed Tomography and Positron Imaging by Gamma Camera |
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| Subtitle | Review |
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| Authors | Tohru OHTAKE |
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| Organization | Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo |
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| Journal | The Japanese Journal of nuclear medicine |
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| Volume | 35 |
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| Number | 4 |
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| Page | 179-187 |
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| Year/Month | 1998/4 |
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| Article | Report |
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| Publisher | THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE |
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| Abstract | To measure myocardial blood flow, Nitrogen-13 ammonia. Oxigen-15 water, Rubidium-82 and et al. are used. Each has merit and demerit. By measuring myocardial coronary flow reserve, the decrease of flow reserve during dipyridamole in patients with hypercholesterolemia or diabetes mellitus without significant coronary stenosis was observed. The possibility of early detection of atherosclerosis was showed. As to myocardial metabolism, glucose metabolism is measured by Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), and it is considered as useful for the evaluation of myocardial viability. We are using FDG to evaluate insulin resistance during insulin clamp in patients with diabetes mellitus by measuring glucose utilization rate of myocardium and skeletal muscle. FFA metabolism has been measured by 11C-palmitate, but absolute quantification has not been performed. Recently the method for absolute quantification was reported, and new radiopharmaceutical 18F-FTHA was reported. Oxygen metabolism has been estimated by 11C-acetate. Myocardial viability, cardiac efficiency was evaluated by oxygen metabolism. As to receptor or sympathetic nerve end, cardiac insufficiency or cardiac trasplantation was evaluated. Imaging of positron emitting radiopharmaceutical by gamma camera has been performed. Collimator method is clinically useful for cardiac imaging of viability study. |
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| Practice | Clinical medicine |
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| Keywords | Positron emission computed tomography, Myocardium, Blood flow, Coronary flow reserve, Single photon emission computed tomography |
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