| Japanese |
|---|
| Title | 呼吸器核医学 |
|---|
| Subtitle | 総説 |
|---|
| Authors | 井澤豊春* |
|---|
| Authors(kana) | |
|---|
| Organization | *国立療養所東長野病院病院長 |
|---|
| Journal | 核医学 |
|---|
| Volume | 32 |
|---|
| Number | 11 |
|---|
| Page | 1281-1288 |
|---|
| Year/Month | 1995/11 |
|---|
| Article | 報告 |
|---|
| Publisher | 日本核医学会 |
|---|
| Abstract | 「要旨」呼吸器核医学の概要について述べた. 呼吸器核医学は1950年代のKnippingやWestに遡るが, 事実上は1963年Taplinの131I-MAAの創製に始まる. 131I-MAAにより肺栓塞の診断はもとより, 局所肺機能の研究が長足の進歩を遂げた. 放射性ガスやエロソールは肺内換気分布の研究を促進した. 肺血流の調節に局所低酸素性肺血管収縮が重要である. 換気/血流の一致, 不一致はそれぞれ器質的ないし血管性肺疾患を鑑別する. 吸入エロソールの肺内沈着パターンは閉塞性肺疾患の鑑別に有用である. テクネガスは肺換気分布の診断に役立つ. 呼吸器核医学によって, 非呼吸性肺機能が解明されてきた. 気道粘液輸送系の動的な粘液運搬動態が明らかにされ, 4つの異常な運搬形式が明らかになった. 粘液運搬に対する薬剤効果の客観的な評価も可能になった. 99mTc-DTPAエロソールの吸入で肺上皮透過性の研究が可能になり, 喫煙は間質性肺疾患で亢進していることが分かった. 呼吸器核医学は現在まだ不明な非呼吸性肺機能の解明にも有用性が期待される. |
|---|
| Practice | 臨床医学：一般 |
|---|
| Keywords | 131I-or 99mTc-MAA, Perfusion, Ventilation, Aerosol, Technegas, Mucociliary clearance mechanisms, Pulmonary epithelial permeability. |
|---|
| English |
|---|
| Title | Pulmonary Nuclear Medicine |
|---|
| Subtitle | |
|---|
| Authors | Toyoharu ISAWA |
|---|
| Authors(kana) | |
|---|
| Organization | Higashi-Nagano National Hospital |
|---|
| Journal | The Japanese Journal of nuclear medicine |
|---|
| Volume | 32 |
|---|
| Number | 11 |
|---|
| Page | 1281-1288 |
|---|
| Year/Month | 1995/11 |
|---|
| Article | Report |
|---|
| Publisher | THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE |
|---|
| Abstract | [Summary]Pulmonary nuclear medicine dates back to Knipping and West in the late 1950's but practically starts with the successful production of 131I-MAA by GV Taplin in 1963. Not only is the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism greatly facilitated by using 131I-MAA but also studies of regional lung function have made rapid progress. Radioactive gas and aerosol inhalation have been used to study ventilation distribution in the lungs. Using nuclear medicine technology regional hypoxic vasoconstriction was found to play a great role in regulating regional perfusion distribution in the lungs. Ventilation and perfusion mismatch and match indicate organic lung diseases and pulmonary vascular diseases, respectively. Aerosol deposition patterns in the lungs are helpful in the differential diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung diseases (COPD). Technegas is an ultrafine aerosol which is probably more useful for ventilation studies than conventional aerosols produced by either a jet or an ultrasonic nebulizer. Besides respiratory lung function pulmonary nuclear medicine techniques have made it possible to study nonrespiratory lung function. One is mucociliary clearance mechanisms. They can be studied by using a nonabsorbable aerosol like 99mTc-albumin. Dynamic mucociliary clearance function can be visualized in vivo by radioaerosol inhalation lung cine-scintigraphy. Four abnormal mucociliary transport patterns were discernible in COPD. An objective evaluation of a drug effect on mucociliary transport is feasible. Detailed quantitative analysis of mucociliary clearance is also possible by computer techniques. Pulmonary epithelial permeability is studied following inhalation of 99mTc-DTPA aerosol. Inhaled 99mTc-DTPA disappears from the lungs more rapidly in smokers and patients with interstitial lung diseases. Nuclear medicine has great potential to elucidate other functions of the lung which are still not defined yet by the present knowledge of lung function. |
|---|
| Practice | Clinical medicine |
|---|
| Keywords | 131I-or 99mTc-MAA, Perfusion, Ventilation, Aerosol, Technegas, Mucociliary clearance mechanisms, Pulmonary epithelial permeability. |
|---|